Grapes, Black 'Chambourcin' (Live Plant)

Key Characteristics

• Origin: 'Chambourcin' is a French-American hybrid grape variety. It is a complex cross that includes genes from several *Vitis* species, including *Vitis vinifera*, *Vitis rupestris*, and *Vitis lincecumii*. It was developed by Joannes Seyve in France around 1934.
• Patent Status: 'Chambourcin' Grape is not patented in the United States. As a variety developed and introduced in the early to mid-20th century, any potential plant patent or similar protection has long since expired. Therefore, there are no restrictions on its asexual reproduction, propagation, or sale based on patent law in the U.S.
• Berry Production: Produces medium-sized, round, dark blue to black berries in medium to large, loose clusters. It is known for its reliable and often high yields. The berries have good sugar and acid balance, making them suitable for winemaking.
• Ripening Time: 'Chambourcin' is a mid-to-late season ripening grape variety. In the United States, it typically ripens in late September to mid-October, depending on the growing region and climate.
• Plant Size and Appearance: 'Chambourcin' is a vigorous, upright-growing vine with good resistance to many common grape diseases. It has moderately sized, lobed leaves. It requires a trellis or other support system for proper growth and fruit production.
• Flowers: Produces typical small, greenish-white grape flowers in the late spring. It is a self-fertile variety.
• Hardiness: Generally hardy in USDA Zones 5 through 8. It exhibits good cold hardiness compared to many *Vitis vinifera* varieties, which contributes to its popularity in cooler grape-growing regions.
• Pollination: 'Chambourcin' is self-fertile and does not require another grape variety for pollination and fruit set.
• Growing Conditions:
  • Sunlight: Requires full sun for optimal growth, fruit development, and sugar accumulation.
  • Soil: Prefers well-drained soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types but thrives in moderately fertile soils. Good drainage is essential to prevent root problems.
  • Watering: Requires consistent moisture, especially during establishment and fruit development. Mature vines are relatively drought-tolerant but benefit from adequate water during dry periods.
  • Fertilizing: Generally requires moderate fertilization. Soil testing can help determine specific nutrient needs. Avoid excessive nitrogen.
  • Pruning: Requires annual pruning during the dormant season to establish the fruiting wood for the upcoming year and manage vine vigor. Various training systems can be used.
• Uses: Primarily used for winemaking, producing red wines with good color, moderate tannins, and fruit-forward characteristics (often with cherry, berry, and sometimes earthy notes). It can also be used for juice production.
• Wildlife Value: Grape flowers attract some pollinators. The ripe grapes are a food source for birds and other wildlife.
• Ornamental Value: Grapevines can provide ornamental value with their foliage and fruit clusters, especially when trained on arbors or trellises.
• Disease and Pest Resistance: 'Chambourcin' exhibits good resistance to several significant grape diseases, including downy mildew, powdery mildew, and black rot, which is a major reason for its popularity in regions with humid climates where these diseases are prevalent. It also has some resistance to phylloxera. However, it is not immune and can still be susceptible to other pests and diseases under certain conditions.