Sold by and ships from Little Red Farmhouse in Western Washington. Sold by the gram. Approximately 40,000 seeds per 1 ounce.
Save $4.00 (10%) on ¼ pound (4 ounces, ~160,000 seeds) Save $16.00 (20%) on ½ pound (8 ounces, ~320,000 seeds) Save $48.00 (30%) on 1 pound (16 ounces, ~640,000 seeds) Save $256.00 (40%) on 4 pounds (64 ounces, ~2.56 million seeds)
Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
Key Characteristics
Origin: Lemon balm is a perennial herb native to south-central Europe and the Mediterranean region. It has been naturalized in many other parts of the world. Its use dates back to ancient Greece and Rome.
Patent Status: As a widely naturalized species and older cultivated forms, Melissa officinalis is not patented. Specific, more recently developed cultivars for enhanced traits might have plant variety protection in some regions, but the base species is not patentable.
Leaf Production: Lemon balm is primarily grown for its aromatic leaves, which have a distinct lemon scent and flavor due to compounds like citronellal, citral, and geraniol. The leaves are typically light to medium green, ovate, and slightly toothed.
Growth Habit: It is a bushy, herbaceous perennial that typically grows to a height of 1-2 feet (30-60 cm) and can spread through rhizomes and self-seeding.
Flowering Time: Lemon balm typically flowers in the summer, producing small, inconspicuous white or pale pink flowers in clusters where the leaves meet the stem (leaf axils). The flowers are attractive to bees, hence the genus name *Melissa* (Greek for "honeybee").
Hardiness: Lemon balm is quite hardy and generally grows well in USDA Zones 4 through 9. It is a perennial in these zones, dying back to the ground in winter and re-sprouting in the spring.
Pollination: The flowers are primarily pollinated by bees and other insects.
Growing Conditions:
Sunlight: Prefers full sun for the strongest lemon scent and best growth, but it can also tolerate partial shade, especially in hot summer climates like parts of Switzerland might experience.
Soil: Thrives in well-drained soil that is moderately fertile. It is adaptable to a range of soil types but prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0). Good drainage is important to prevent root rot, especially in Switzerland's often moist conditions.
Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods and when establishing. Once established, it is somewhat drought-tolerant but will produce the best foliage with consistent moisture. Pay attention to watering needs, especially during the warmer months in Switzerland.
Fertilizing: Generally does not require heavy fertilization. A light application of compost in the spring is usually sufficient. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which can reduce the concentration of essential oils responsible for the lemon scent.
Spacing: Space plants 18-24 inches (45-60 cm) apart to allow for their bushy growth. If growing in containers, ensure they are large enough to accommodate the root system.
Pruning: Regular harvesting of the leaves encourages bushier growth and can prevent the plant from becoming leggy. It's best to harvest before the plant flowers for the strongest flavor. You can cut the plant back significantly after flowering to encourage a second flush of leaves.
Propagation: Easily propagated by seeds, cuttings, or division of the roots in spring or fall. Self-seeding can also occur.
Uses: Lemon balm has a wide range of culinary and medicinal uses:
Culinary: Leaves are used to flavor teas, salads, sauces, desserts, and drinks. It pairs well with fish and poultry.
Medicinal: Traditionally used for its calming and soothing properties, to relieve anxiety, stress, and insomnia. It is also used for digestive issues and to repel insects. (Note: Consult with a healthcare professional for medicinal use).
Aromatic: The crushed leaves release a refreshing lemon scent, making it a pleasant addition to potpourri and natural insect repellents.
Gardening: Attracts beneficial insects like bees and can be used as a companion plant.
Wildlife Value: The flowers are very attractive to bees and other pollinators, contributing to garden biodiversity.
Ornamental Value: With its bushy green foliage, lemon balm can be an attractive addition to herb gardens, borders, and containers.
Potential Issues: Can spread somewhat aggressively through rhizomes and self-seeding in favorable conditions. Regular harvesting and deadheading can help manage its spread. It can also be susceptible to powdery mildew in humid conditions.
